feat(ticket): implement terminal status management and validation

app/Domains/Ticket/Models/Ticket.php

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany;
 use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
+use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
 
 #[Fillable([
     'tenant_code',
@@ -121,6 +122,13 @@ class Ticket extends Model
         return self::statusLabels()[$status] ?? $status;
     }
 
+    protected static function booted(): void
+    {
+        static::saving(function (self $ticket): void {
+            $ticket->ensureTerminalStatusTransitionIsAllowed();
+        });
+    }
+
     /** @return BelongsTo<Tenant, $this> */
     public function tenant(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -219,6 +227,21 @@ class Ticket extends Model
         return self::statusLabel($this->status);
     }
 
+    public function markAsDisabled(): void
+    {
+        $this->markAsTerminalStatus(self::STATUS_DISABLED);
+    }
+
+    public function markAsCancelled(): void
+    {
+        $this->markAsTerminalStatus(self::STATUS_CANCELLED);
+    }
+
+    public function markAsRefunded(): void
+    {
+        $this->markAsTerminalStatus(self::STATUS_REFUNDED);
+    }
+
     protected function valueChangeTenantCode(): string
     {
         return $this->tenant_code;
@@ -226,9 +249,73 @@ class Ticket extends Model
 
     private function hasTerminalStatus(): bool
     {
-        return $this->disabled_at !== null
-            || $this->cancelled_at !== null
-            || $this->refunded_at !== null;
+        return $this->terminalStatus() !== null;
+    }
+
+    private function markAsTerminalStatus(string $status): void
+    {
+        $currentStatus = $this->terminalStatus();
+
+        if ($currentStatus === $status) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if ($currentStatus !== null) {
+            $this->throwTerminalStatusTransitionException();
+        }
+
+        $this->ensureTerminalStatusTransitionIsAllowed($status);
+
+        $this->{self::terminalStatusTimestampColumn($status)} = now();
+    }
+
+    private function ensureTerminalStatusTransitionIsAllowed(?string $targetStatus = null): void
+    {
+        $currentStatus = $this->terminalStatusFromAttributes($this->getRawOriginal());
+        $nextStatus = $targetStatus ?? $this->terminalStatus();
+
+        if ($currentStatus === null || $nextStatus === null || $currentStatus === $nextStatus) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $this->throwTerminalStatusTransitionException();
+    }
+
+    private function throwTerminalStatusTransitionException(): never
+    {
+        throw ValidationException::withMessages([
+            'status' => 'No se puede cambiar un ticket con estado terminal a otro estado terminal.',
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    private function terminalStatus(): ?string
+    {
+        return $this->terminalStatusFromAttributes($this->getAttributes());
+    }
+
+    /** @param array<string, mixed> $attributes */
+    private function terminalStatusFromAttributes(array $attributes): ?string
+    {
+        foreach ([
+            self::STATUS_REFUNDED,
+            self::STATUS_CANCELLED,
+            self::STATUS_DISABLED,
+        ] as $status) {
+            if (($attributes[self::terminalStatusTimestampColumn($status)] ?? null) !== null) {
+                return $status;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static function terminalStatusTimestampColumn(string $status): string
+    {
+        return match ($status) {
+            self::STATUS_DISABLED => 'disabled_at',
+            self::STATUS_CANCELLED => 'cancelled_at',
+            self::STATUS_REFUNDED => 'refunded_at',
+        };
     }
 
     public function getNameAttribute(): string