feat(ticket): implement terminal status management and validation

app/Domains/Ticket/Models/Ticket.php

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany;
 use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
+use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
 
 #[Fillable([
     'tenant_code',
@@ -121,6 +122,13 @@ class Ticket extends Model
         return self::statusLabels()[$status] ?? $status;
     }
 
+    protected static function booted(): void
+    {
+        static::saving(function (self $ticket): void {
+            $ticket->ensureTerminalStatusTransitionIsAllowed();
+        });
+    }
+
     /** @return BelongsTo<Tenant, $this> */
     public function tenant(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -219,6 +227,21 @@ class Ticket extends Model
         return self::statusLabel($this->status);
     }
 
+    public function markAsDisabled(): void
+    {
+        $this->markAsTerminalStatus(self::STATUS_DISABLED);
+    }
+
+    public function markAsCancelled(): void
+    {
+        $this->markAsTerminalStatus(self::STATUS_CANCELLED);
+    }
+
+    public function markAsRefunded(): void
+    {
+        $this->markAsTerminalStatus(self::STATUS_REFUNDED);
+    }
+
     protected function valueChangeTenantCode(): string
     {
         return $this->tenant_code;
@@ -226,9 +249,73 @@ class Ticket extends Model
 
     private function hasTerminalStatus(): bool
     {
-        return $this->disabled_at !== null
-            || $this->cancelled_at !== null
-            || $this->refunded_at !== null;
+        return $this->terminalStatus() !== null;
+    }
+
+    private function markAsTerminalStatus(string $status): void
+    {
+        $currentStatus = $this->terminalStatus();
+
+        if ($currentStatus === $status) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if ($currentStatus !== null) {
+            $this->throwTerminalStatusTransitionException();
+        }
+
+        $this->ensureTerminalStatusTransitionIsAllowed($status);
+
+        $this->{self::terminalStatusTimestampColumn($status)} = now();
+    }
+
+    private function ensureTerminalStatusTransitionIsAllowed(?string $targetStatus = null): void
+    {
+        $currentStatus = $this->terminalStatusFromAttributes($this->getRawOriginal());
+        $nextStatus = $targetStatus ?? $this->terminalStatus();
+
+        if ($currentStatus === null || $nextStatus === null || $currentStatus === $nextStatus) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $this->throwTerminalStatusTransitionException();
+    }
+
+    private function throwTerminalStatusTransitionException(): never
+    {
+        throw ValidationException::withMessages([
+            'status' => 'No se puede cambiar un ticket con estado terminal a otro estado terminal.',
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    private function terminalStatus(): ?string
+    {
+        return $this->terminalStatusFromAttributes($this->getAttributes());
+    }
+
+    /** @param array<string, mixed> $attributes */
+    private function terminalStatusFromAttributes(array $attributes): ?string
+    {
+        foreach ([
+            self::STATUS_REFUNDED,
+            self::STATUS_CANCELLED,
+            self::STATUS_DISABLED,
+        ] as $status) {
+            if (($attributes[self::terminalStatusTimestampColumn($status)] ?? null) !== null) {
+                return $status;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static function terminalStatusTimestampColumn(string $status): string
+    {
+        return match ($status) {
+            self::STATUS_DISABLED => 'disabled_at',
+            self::STATUS_CANCELLED => 'cancelled_at',
+            self::STATUS_REFUNDED => 'refunded_at',
+        };
     }
 
     public function getNameAttribute(): string

tests/Feature/Logging/LogsValueChangesTest.php

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
 use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
 use Tests\TestCase;
 
 class LogsValueChangesTest extends TestCase
@@ -175,6 +176,19 @@ class LogsValueChangesTest extends TestCase
             'user_id' => null,
         ]);
     }
+
+    public function test_ticket_cannot_transition_between_terminal_statuses(): void
+    {
+        $ticket = Ticket::query()->create([
+            'tenant_code' => 'test',
+            'ticket' => '794606d5-5f69-458d-9de7-03494757d626',
+        ]);
+
+        $ticket->update(['disabled_at' => now()]);
+
+        $this->expectException(ValidationException::class);
+        $ticket->update(['cancelled_at' => now()]);
+    }
 }
 
 #[Fillable(['name', 'price', 'description'])]

tests/Unit/Ticket/TicketTest.php

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ use App\Domains\Ticket\Services\ResolvedTicketValidity;
 use App\Domains\Ticket\Services\ResolvedValidityGroup;
 use App\Domains\Ticket\Services\TicketValidityResolver;
 use Illuminate\Support\Carbon;
+use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
 use Tests\TestCase;
 
 class TicketTest extends TestCase
@@ -202,6 +203,36 @@ class TicketTest extends TestCase
         $this->assertSame(Ticket::STATUS_REFUNDED, $ticket->status);
     }
 
+    public function test_it_marks_tickets_with_terminal_statuses(): void
+    {
+        Carbon::setTestNow('2026-09-10 12:00:00');
+
+        $disabled = new Ticket;
+        $disabled->markAsDisabled();
+
+        $cancelled = new Ticket;
+        $cancelled->markAsCancelled();
+
+        $refunded = new Ticket;
+        $refunded->markAsRefunded();
+
+        $this->assertSame(Ticket::STATUS_DISABLED, $disabled->status);
+        $this->assertSame('2026-09-10 12:00:00', $disabled->disabled_at->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'));
+        $this->assertSame(Ticket::STATUS_CANCELLED, $cancelled->status);
+        $this->assertSame('2026-09-10 12:00:00', $cancelled->cancelled_at->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'));
+        $this->assertSame(Ticket::STATUS_REFUNDED, $refunded->status);
+        $this->assertSame('2026-09-10 12:00:00', $refunded->refunded_at->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'));
+    }
+
+    public function test_it_does_not_allow_a_transition_between_terminal_statuses(): void
+    {
+        $ticket = new Ticket;
+        $ticket->markAsDisabled();
+
+        $this->expectException(ValidationException::class);
+        $ticket->markAsRefunded();
+    }
+
     public function test_all_validity_times_in_the_same_group_must_be_active(): void
     {
         Carbon::setTestNow('2026-08-20 13:00:00');