feat(auth): implement login security features including account locking and login attempt tracking

.env.example

@@ -25,6 +25,11 @@ GOOGLE_REDIRECT_URI=http://localhost/auth/google/callback
 
 
 BCRYPT_ROUNDS=12
+AUTH_MAX_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS=5
+AUTH_LOGIN_ATTEMPT_WINDOW_MINUTES=30
+AUTH_LOGIN_LOCK_MINUTES=15
+AUTH_LOGIN_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE=10
+AUTH_LOGIN_IP_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE=30
 
 LOG_CHANNEL=stack
 LOG_STACK=single

app/Domains/Auth/Controllers/LoginController.php

@@ -2,35 +2,31 @@
 
 namespace App\Domains\Auth\Controllers;
 
-use App\Domains\Auth\Models\User;
 use App\Domains\Auth\Requests\LoginUserRequest;
 use App\Domains\Auth\Resources\UserResource;
+use App\Domains\Auth\Services\PasswordLoginService;
 use App\Domains\Cart\Services\GuestCartMergeService;
 use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
 use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cookie;
-use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
-use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
 
 class LoginController extends Controller
 {
     public function __construct(
         private readonly GuestCartMergeService $guestCartMergeService,
+        private readonly PasswordLoginService $passwordLoginService,
     ) {}
 
-    /**
-     * @throws ValidationException
-     */
     public function __invoke(LoginUserRequest $request): JsonResponse
     {
         $credentials = $request->validated();
-        $user = User::query()->where('email', $credentials['email'])->first();
+        $user = $this->passwordLoginService->authenticate(
-
+            $credentials['email'],
-        if (! $user || ! Hash::check($credentials['password'], $user->password)) {
+            $credentials['password'],
-            throw ValidationException::withMessages([
+            $credentials['tenant_codigo'],
-                'email' => __('api.auth.invalid_credentials'),
+            $request->ip(),
-            ]);
+            $request->userAgent(),
-        }
+        );
 
         $expirationMinutes = (int) config('sanctum.expiration');
         $token = $user->createToken(

app/Domains/Auth/Exceptions/AccountLockedException.php

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Domains\Auth\Exceptions;
+
+use Carbon\CarbonImmutable;
+use RuntimeException;
+
+class AccountLockedException extends RuntimeException
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        public readonly CarbonImmutable $lockedUntil,
+    ) {
+        parent::__construct('The account is temporarily locked.');
+    }
+
+    public function retryAfterSeconds(): int
+    {
+        return max(1, (int) now()->diffInSeconds($this->lockedUntil, false));
+    }
+}

app/Domains/Auth/Models/LoginAttempt.php

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Domains\Auth\Models;
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Attributes\Fillable;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
+
+#[Fillable([
+    'user_id',
+    'email_fingerprint',
+    'tenant_codigo',
+    'outcome',
+    'ip_address',
+    'user_agent',
+])]
+class LoginAttempt extends Model
+{
+    public const OUTCOME_SUCCESS = 'success';
+
+    public const OUTCOME_INVALID_CREDENTIALS = 'invalid_credentials';
+
+    public const OUTCOME_ACCOUNT_LOCKED = 'account_locked';
+
+    public const UPDATED_AT = null;
+
+    /** @return BelongsTo<User, $this> */
+    public function user(): BelongsTo
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
+    }
+
+    protected function casts(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'user_id' => 'integer',
+            'created_at' => 'datetime',
+        ];
+    }
+}

app/Domains/Auth/Models/User.php

@@ -29,6 +29,12 @@ class User extends Authenticatable
         return $this->hasMany(ResetPasswordAttempt::class);
     }
 
+    /** @return HasMany<LoginAttempt, $this> */
+    public function loginAttempts(): HasMany
+    {
+        return $this->hasMany(LoginAttempt::class);
+    }
+
     /**
      * @return array<string, string>
      */
@@ -37,6 +43,9 @@ class User extends Authenticatable
         return [
             'email_verified_at' => 'datetime',
             'password' => 'hashed',
+            'failed_login_attempts' => 'integer',
+            'last_failed_login_at' => 'datetime',
+            'locked_until' => 'datetime',
         ];
     }
 }

app/Domains/Auth/Requests/LoginUserRequest.php

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace App\Domains\Auth\Requests;
 
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;
+use Illuminate\Support\Str;
 
 class LoginUserRequest extends FormRequest
 {
@@ -11,6 +12,17 @@ class LoginUserRequest extends FormRequest
         return true;
     }
 
+    protected function prepareForValidation(): void
+    {
+        $email = $this->input('email');
+
+        if (is_string($email)) {
+            $this->merge([
+                'email' => Str::lower(trim($email)),
+            ]);
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * @return array<string, mixed>
      */

app/Domains/Auth/Services/PasswordLoginService.php

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Domains\Auth\Services;
+
+use App\Domains\Auth\Exceptions\AccountLockedException;
+use App\Domains\Auth\Models\LoginAttempt;
+use App\Domains\Auth\Models\User;
+use Carbon\CarbonImmutable;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
+use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
+
+class PasswordLoginService
+{
+    /**
+     * @throws AccountLockedException
+     * @throws ValidationException
+     */
+    public function authenticate(
+        string $email,
+        string $password,
+        string $tenantCode,
+        ?string $ipAddress,
+        ?string $userAgent,
+    ): User {
+        $normalizedEmail = mb_strtolower(trim($email));
+        $now = CarbonImmutable::now();
+
+        /** @var array{outcome: string, user: User|null, locked_until: CarbonImmutable|null} $result */
+        $result = DB::transaction(function () use (
+            $normalizedEmail,
+            $password,
+            $tenantCode,
+            $ipAddress,
+            $userAgent,
+            $now,
+        ): array {
+            $user = User::query()
+                ->where('email', $normalizedEmail)
+                ->lockForUpdate()
+                ->first();
+
+            if ($user?->locked_until?->isFuture()) {
+                $this->recordAttempt(
+                    $user,
+                    $normalizedEmail,
+                    $tenantCode,
+                    LoginAttempt::OUTCOME_ACCOUNT_LOCKED,
+                    $ipAddress,
+                    $userAgent,
+                );
+
+                return [
+                    'outcome' => LoginAttempt::OUTCOME_ACCOUNT_LOCKED,
+                    'user' => $user,
+                    'locked_until' => CarbonImmutable::instance($user->locked_until),
+                ];
+            }
+
+            if ($user !== null && $user->locked_until !== null) {
+                $user->forceFill([
+                    'failed_login_attempts' => 0,
+                    'last_failed_login_at' => null,
+                    'locked_until' => null,
+                ])->save();
+            }
+
+            if ($user === null || ! Hash::check($password, $user->password)) {
+                if ($user !== null) {
+                    $this->registerFailure($user, $now);
+                }
+
+                $outcome = $user?->locked_until?->isFuture()
+                    ? LoginAttempt::OUTCOME_ACCOUNT_LOCKED
+                    : LoginAttempt::OUTCOME_INVALID_CREDENTIALS;
+                $this->recordAttempt(
+                    $user,
+                    $normalizedEmail,
+                    $tenantCode,
+                    $outcome,
+                    $ipAddress,
+                    $userAgent,
+                );
+
+                return [
+                    'outcome' => $outcome,
+                    'user' => $user,
+                    'locked_until' => $user?->locked_until === null
+                        ? null
+                        : CarbonImmutable::instance($user->locked_until),
+                ];
+            }
+
+            $user->forceFill([
+                'failed_login_attempts' => 0,
+                'last_failed_login_at' => null,
+                'locked_until' => null,
+            ])->save();
+
+            $this->recordAttempt(
+                $user,
+                $normalizedEmail,
+                $tenantCode,
+                LoginAttempt::OUTCOME_SUCCESS,
+                $ipAddress,
+                $userAgent,
+            );
+
+            return [
+                'outcome' => LoginAttempt::OUTCOME_SUCCESS,
+                'user' => $user,
+                'locked_until' => null,
+            ];
+        });
+
+        if ($result['outcome'] === LoginAttempt::OUTCOME_ACCOUNT_LOCKED) {
+            throw new AccountLockedException($result['locked_until']);
+        }
+
+        if ($result['outcome'] === LoginAttempt::OUTCOME_INVALID_CREDENTIALS) {
+            throw ValidationException::withMessages([
+                'email' => __('api.auth.invalid_credentials'),
+            ]);
+        }
+
+        return $result['user'];
+    }
+
+    private function registerFailure(User $user, CarbonImmutable $now): void
+    {
+        $windowMinutes = max(1, (int) config('login-security.attempt_window_minutes'));
+        $maxAttempts = max(1, (int) config('login-security.max_attempts'));
+        $lockMinutes = max(1, (int) config('login-security.lock_minutes'));
+
+        $withinAttemptWindow = $user->last_failed_login_at !== null
+            && $user->last_failed_login_at->gte($now->subMinutes($windowMinutes));
+        $attempts = $withinAttemptWindow
+            ? $user->failed_login_attempts + 1
+            : 1;
+
+        $user->forceFill([
+            'failed_login_attempts' => $attempts,
+            'last_failed_login_at' => $now,
+            'locked_until' => $attempts >= $maxAttempts
+                ? $now->addMinutes($lockMinutes)
+                : null,
+        ])->save();
+    }
+
+    private function recordAttempt(
+        ?User $user,
+        string $normalizedEmail,
+        string $tenantCode,
+        string $outcome,
+        ?string $ipAddress,
+        ?string $userAgent,
+    ): void {
+        LoginAttempt::query()->create([
+            'user_id' => $user?->getKey(),
+            'email_fingerprint' => hash_hmac(
+                'sha256',
+                $normalizedEmail,
+                (string) config('app.key'),
+            ),
+            'tenant_codigo' => $tenantCode,
+            'outcome' => $outcome,
+            'ip_address' => $ipAddress,
+            'user_agent' => $userAgent === null
+                ? null
+                : mb_substr($userAgent, 0, 1024),
+        ]);
+    }
+}

app/Domains/Auth/Services/ResetPasswordAttemptService.php

@@ -138,6 +138,9 @@ class ResetPasswordAttemptService
                 }
 
                 $user->password = $password;
+                $user->failed_login_attempts = 0;
+                $user->last_failed_login_at = null;
+                $user->locked_until = null;
                 $user->save();
                 $user->tokens()->delete();
 

app/Domains/Auth/routes/api.php

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use App\Domains\Auth\Controllers\ValidateResetPasswordAttemptController;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
 
 Route::post('/register', RegisterController::class);
-Route::post('/login', LoginController::class);
+Route::post('/login', LoginController::class)->middleware('throttle:login');
 Route::post('/password/reset-attempts', CreateResetPasswordAttemptController::class)
     ->middleware('throttle:5,1');
 Route::post('/password/reset-attempts/validate', ValidateResetPasswordAttemptController::class)

app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php

@@ -11,8 +11,11 @@ use App\Domains\Notification\Listeners\SendTicketsAvailableEmail;
 use App\Domains\Notification\Listeners\SendWelcomeEmail;
 use App\Domains\Purchase\Events\PurchasePaid;
 use App\Domains\Ticket\Listeners\GenerateTicketsForPaidPurchase;
+use Illuminate\Cache\RateLimiting\Limit;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Event;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter;
 use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;
 
 class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
@@ -36,6 +39,25 @@ class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
         Event::listen(UserRegistered::class, SendWelcomeEmail::class);
         Event::listen(PasswordResetRequested::class, SendPasswordResetEmail::class);
 
+        RateLimiter::for('login', function (Request $request): array {
+            $normalizedEmail = mb_strtolower(trim((string) $request->input('email')));
+            $emailFingerprint = hash_hmac(
+                'sha256',
+                $normalizedEmail,
+                (string) config('app.key'),
+            );
+            $ipAddress = $request->ip() ?? 'unknown';
+
+            return [
+                Limit::perMinute(
+                    max(1, (int) config('login-security.rate_limit_per_minute'))
+                )->by("login:identity:{$emailFingerprint}:{$ipAddress}"),
+                Limit::perMinute(
+                    max(1, (int) config('login-security.ip_rate_limit_per_minute'))
+                )->by("login:ip:{$ipAddress}"),
+            ];
+        });
+
         Builder::macro('paginateFromRequest', function (int $defaultPerPage = 15, int $maxPerPage = 100, ?int $page = null) {
             /** @var Builder $this */
             $perPage = (int) request()->query('per_page', $defaultPerPage);

bootstrap/app.php

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 <?php
 
+use App\Domains\Auth\Exceptions\AccountLockedException;
 use App\Domains\Ticket\Exceptions\TicketNotAvailableException;
 use App\Http\Middleware\SetApiLocale;
 use Illuminate\Auth\Access\AuthorizationException;
@@ -39,6 +40,22 @@ return Application::configure(basePath: dirname(__DIR__))
                 'message' => __('api.auth.unauthenticated'),
             ], 401);
         });
+        $exceptions->render(function (AccountLockedException $exception, Request $request) {
+            if (! $request->is('api/*')) {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            $retryAfter = $exception->retryAfterSeconds();
+
+            return response()->json([
+                'code' => 'auth.account_locked',
+                'message' => __('api.auth.account_locked'),
+                'retry_after' => $retryAfter,
+                'locked_until' => $exception->lockedUntil->toIso8601String(),
+            ], 429, [
+                'Retry-After' => (string) $retryAfter,
+            ]);
+        });
         $exceptions->render(function (AuthorizationException $exception, Request $request) {
             if (! $request->is('api/*')) {
                 return null;

config/login-security.php

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'max_attempts' => (int) env('AUTH_MAX_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS', 3),
+    'attempt_window_minutes' => (int) env('AUTH_LOGIN_ATTEMPT_WINDOW_MINUTES', 30),
+    'lock_minutes' => (int) env('AUTH_LOGIN_LOCK_MINUTES', 15),
+    'rate_limit_per_minute' => (int) env('AUTH_LOGIN_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE', 10),
+    'ip_rate_limit_per_minute' => (int) env('AUTH_LOGIN_IP_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE', 30),
+];

database/migrations/2026_07_29_000000_add_login_security_fields_to_users_table.php

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('users', function (Blueprint $table): void {
+            $table->unsignedSmallInteger('failed_login_attempts')->default(0);
+            $table->timestamp('last_failed_login_at')->nullable();
+            $table->timestamp('locked_until')->nullable()->index();
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('users', function (Blueprint $table): void {
+            $table->dropIndex(['locked_until']);
+            $table->dropColumn([
+                'failed_login_attempts',
+                'last_failed_login_at',
+                'locked_until',
+            ]);
+        });
+    }
+};

database/migrations/2026_07_29_000100_create_login_attempts_table.php

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('login_attempts', function (Blueprint $table): void {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->foreignId('user_id')
+                ->nullable()
+                ->constrained()
+                ->cascadeOnUpdate()
+                ->nullOnDelete();
+            $table->string('email_fingerprint', 64);
+            $table->string('tenant_codigo')->nullable();
+            $table->string('outcome', 32);
+            $table->string('ip_address', 45)->nullable();
+            $table->string('user_agent', 1024)->nullable();
+            $table->timestamp('created_at')->useCurrent();
+
+            $table->index(['email_fingerprint', 'created_at']);
+            $table->index(['user_id', 'created_at']);
+            $table->index(['ip_address', 'created_at']);
+            $table->index(['outcome', 'created_at']);
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('login_attempts');
+    }
+};

lang/en/api.php

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ return [
     'auth' => [
         'unauthenticated' => 'Unauthenticated.',
         'invalid_credentials' => 'Email or password is incorrect.',
+        'account_locked' => 'The account is temporarily locked. Please try again later.',
         'login_success' => 'Signed in successfully.',
         'logout_success' => 'Signed out successfully.',
         'register_success' => 'User registered successfully.',

lang/es/api.php

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ return [
     'auth' => [
         'unauthenticated' => 'No autenticado.',
         'invalid_credentials' => 'Email o contraseña incorrectos.',
+        'account_locked' => 'La cuenta está bloqueada temporalmente. Intenta nuevamente más tarde.',
         'login_success' => 'Sesión iniciada correctamente.',
         'logout_success' => 'Sesión cerrada correctamente.',
         'register_success' => 'Usuario registrado correctamente.',

tests/Feature/Auth/LoginControllerTest.php

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ namespace Tests\Feature\Auth;
 
 use App\Domains\Attachable\Enums\AttachmentType;
 use App\Domains\Attachable\Models\Attachment;
+use App\Domains\Auth\Models\LoginAttempt;
 use App\Domains\Auth\Models\User;
 use App\Domains\Cart\Models\Cart;
 use App\Domains\Catalog\Enums\InventoryPolicy;
@@ -102,11 +103,190 @@ class LoginControllerTest extends TestCase
             'password' => Hash::make('secret123'),
         ]);
 
-        $this->postJson('/api/login', [
+        $this->withHeader('User-Agent', 'Shopit login test')
-            'email' => 'grace@example.com',
+            ->postJson('/api/login', [
+                'email' => 'grace@example.com',
+                'password' => 'wrong-password',
+                'tenant_codigo' => $tenant->codigo,
+            ])->assertUnprocessable()->assertJsonValidationErrors(['email']);
+
+        $user = User::query()->where('email', 'grace@example.com')->sole();
+
+        $this->assertSame(1, $user->failed_login_attempts);
+        $this->assertNotNull($user->last_failed_login_at);
+        $this->assertDatabaseHas('login_attempts', [
+            'user_id' => $user->id,
+            'tenant_codigo' => $tenant->codigo,
+            'outcome' => LoginAttempt::OUTCOME_INVALID_CREDENTIALS,
+            'ip_address' => '127.0.0.1',
+            'user_agent' => 'Shopit login test',
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function test_it_locks_an_account_after_the_maximum_failed_attempts(): void
+    {
+        config([
+            'login-security.max_attempts' => 3,
+            'login-security.lock_minutes' => 15,
+            'login-security.rate_limit_per_minute' => 100,
+            'login-security.ip_rate_limit_per_minute' => 100,
+        ]);
+        $this->travelTo(now()->startOfSecond());
+
+        $tenant = $this->createTenant('locked');
+        $user = User::factory()->create([
+            'email' => 'locked@example.com',
+            'password' => Hash::make('secret123'),
+        ]);
+        $payload = [
+            'email' => $user->email,
             'password' => 'wrong-password',
             'tenant_codigo' => $tenant->codigo,
-        ])->assertUnprocessable()->assertJsonValidationErrors(['email']);
+        ];
+
+        for ($attempt = 0; $attempt < 2; $attempt++) {
+            $this->postJson('/api/login', $payload)->assertUnprocessable();
+        }
+
+        $this->postJson('/api/login', $payload)
+            ->assertTooManyRequests()
+            ->assertJsonPath('code', 'auth.account_locked');
+
+        $user->refresh();
+        $this->assertSame(3, $user->failed_login_attempts);
+        $this->assertTrue($user->locked_until->equalTo(now()->addMinutes(15)));
+
+        $this->postJson('/api/login', [
+            ...$payload,
+            'password' => 'secret123',
+        ])
+            ->assertTooManyRequests()
+            ->assertHeader('Retry-After', '900')
+            ->assertJsonPath('code', 'auth.account_locked')
+            ->assertJsonPath('retry_after', 900);
+
+        $this->assertDatabaseCount('login_attempts', 4);
+        $this->assertDatabaseHas('login_attempts', [
+            'user_id' => $user->id,
+            'outcome' => LoginAttempt::OUTCOME_ACCOUNT_LOCKED,
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function test_a_successful_login_resets_failures_and_is_audited(): void
+    {
+        $tenant = $this->createTenant('successful');
+        $user = User::factory()->create([
+            'email' => 'successful@example.com',
+            'password' => Hash::make('secret123'),
+        ]);
+        $user->forceFill([
+            'failed_login_attempts' => 2,
+            'last_failed_login_at' => now()->subMinute(),
+        ])->save();
+
+        $this->postJson('/api/login', [
+            'email' => $user->email,
+            'password' => 'secret123',
+            'tenant_codigo' => $tenant->codigo,
+        ])->assertOk();
+
+        $user->refresh();
+        $this->assertSame(0, $user->failed_login_attempts);
+        $this->assertNull($user->last_failed_login_at);
+        $this->assertNull($user->locked_until);
+        $this->assertDatabaseHas('login_attempts', [
+            'user_id' => $user->id,
+            'outcome' => LoginAttempt::OUTCOME_SUCCESS,
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function test_an_expired_lock_allows_login_again(): void
+    {
+        $tenant = $this->createTenant('expired-lock');
+        $user = User::factory()->create([
+            'email' => 'expired@example.com',
+            'password' => Hash::make('secret123'),
+        ]);
+        $user->forceFill([
+            'failed_login_attempts' => 5,
+            'last_failed_login_at' => now()->subMinutes(20),
+            'locked_until' => now()->subMinute(),
+        ])->save();
+
+        $this->postJson('/api/login', [
+            'email' => $user->email,
+            'password' => 'secret123',
+            'tenant_codigo' => $tenant->codigo,
+        ])->assertOk();
+
+        $user->refresh();
+        $this->assertSame(0, $user->failed_login_attempts);
+        $this->assertNull($user->locked_until);
+    }
+
+    public function test_failures_outside_the_attempt_window_start_a_new_count(): void
+    {
+        config(['login-security.attempt_window_minutes' => 30]);
+
+        $tenant = $this->createTenant('attempt-window');
+        $user = User::factory()->create([
+            'email' => 'window@example.com',
+            'password' => Hash::make('secret123'),
+        ]);
+        $user->forceFill([
+            'failed_login_attempts' => 4,
+            'last_failed_login_at' => now()->subMinutes(31),
+        ])->save();
+
+        $this->postJson('/api/login', [
+            'email' => $user->email,
+            'password' => 'wrong-password',
+            'tenant_codigo' => $tenant->codigo,
+        ])->assertUnprocessable();
+
+        $this->assertSame(1, $user->refresh()->failed_login_attempts);
+        $this->assertNull($user->locked_until);
+    }
+
+    public function test_unknown_emails_are_audited_without_storing_the_email(): void
+    {
+        $tenant = $this->createTenant('unknown');
+
+        $this->postJson('/api/login', [
+            'email' => 'missing@example.com',
+            'password' => 'wrong-password',
+            'tenant_codigo' => $tenant->codigo,
+        ])->assertUnprocessable();
+
+        $attempt = LoginAttempt::query()->sole();
+        $this->assertNull($attempt->user_id);
+        $this->assertSame(LoginAttempt::OUTCOME_INVALID_CREDENTIALS, $attempt->outcome);
+        $this->assertSame(64, strlen($attempt->email_fingerprint));
+        $this->assertStringNotContainsString('missing@example.com', $attempt->email_fingerprint);
+    }
+
+    public function test_login_is_rate_limited_by_email_and_ip(): void
+    {
+        config([
+            'login-security.max_attempts' => 100,
+            'login-security.rate_limit_per_minute' => 2,
+            'login-security.ip_rate_limit_per_minute' => 100,
+        ]);
+
+        $tenant = $this->createTenant('rate-limit');
+        $payload = [
+            'email' => 'rate-limited@example.com',
+            'password' => 'wrong-password',
+            'tenant_codigo' => $tenant->codigo,
+        ];
+
+        $this->postJson('/api/login', $payload)->assertUnprocessable();
+        $this->postJson('/api/login', $payload)->assertUnprocessable();
+        $this->postJson('/api/login', $payload)
+            ->assertTooManyRequests()
+            ->assertHeader('Retry-After');
+
+        $this->assertDatabaseCount('login_attempts', 2);
     }
 
     public function test_it_validates_required_login_fields(): void

tests/Feature/Auth/ResetPasswordControllerTest.php

@@ -18,6 +18,11 @@ class ResetPasswordControllerTest extends TestCase
             'email' => 'ada@example.com',
             'password' => 'OldSecret!123',
         ]);
+        $user->forceFill([
+            'failed_login_attempts' => 5,
+            'last_failed_login_at' => now(),
+            'locked_until' => now()->addMinutes(15),
+        ])->save();
         $user->createToken('existing-session');
         $attempt = $user->resetPasswordAttempts()->create([
             'codigo' => '0123',
@@ -38,6 +43,9 @@ class ResetPasswordControllerTest extends TestCase
         $this->assertFalse(Hash::check('OldSecret!123', $user->password));
         $this->assertSame(ResetPasswordAttempt::STATUS_USED, $attempt->fresh()->status);
         $this->assertDatabaseCount('personal_access_tokens', 0);
+        $this->assertSame(0, $user->failed_login_attempts);
+        $this->assertNull($user->last_failed_login_at);
+        $this->assertNull($user->locked_until);
     }
 
     public function test_it_rejects_a_pending_expired_or_used_attempt(): void